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Ciboria caucus

Page history last edited by PBworks 17 years, 1 month ago

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Ciboria caucus veel

 

Species: Ciboria caucus (Rebent.) Fuckel

Synonyms: Ciboria amentacea

Peziza caucus

Common Name: Alder Goblet


Ciboria Fuckel.

Type species: Ciboria caucus (Reb.:Fr.) Fuckel. Ciboria is a heterogeneous assemblance of species characterized by ± determinate stromata, an apothecial outer excipulum consisting of globose cells (textura globulosa) NOT embedded in a gelatinous matrix, and hyaline, unicellular ascospores. The genus is probably polyphyletic. The species on catkins of amentiferous trees constitute a monophyletic group. Based on scientific evidence and educated guess we distinguish five groups within the genus, the true Ciboria (on catkins), the warted-spored Ciboria , which are presumably obligate parasites and produce apothecia on fruits of amentiferous trees, the deciduous leaf inhabitants, forming a ± well differentiated stroma on leaves of deciduous trees, the herbaceous plant inhabitants, nutritioning on plant remnants of various kind (for groups three and four, see also Rutstroemia ), and a fifth group of incommon features, consisting of presumably unrelated taxa classified on the basis of stromatal type.

 

Literature: Whetzel (1945), Buchwald (1947), Schumacher (1978), Schumacher & al. (1995), Holst-Jensen & al. (1997b).

 

1. Apothecia on catkins of amentiferous trees and shrubs . . . . 2.

 

1. Apothecia on fruits, inflorescences or leaves . . . . 6.

 

2 (1). Asci 4-spored. Apothecia ochraceous brown to pale brown, disc 1-4 mm diam., stipe 5-25 x 0.2-0.4 mm. Asci clavate, 60-105 x 5.8-7.5 um. Ascospores (7.5)10 - 12 (14.5) x 4-5.5 um. On male catkins of Myrica gale, Salix spp. and Populus spp., occasionally on leaves of Acer spp., Salix spp. and Rubus chamaemorus. Apothecia in spring and early summer . . . . . Ciboria acerina Whetzel & N. F. Buchw.

 

Apothecia of Ciboria acerina on male catkin of Myrica gale. Norway, Oslo, Sognsvann, May 13th. 1996. (© Photo: Arne Holst-Jensen).

 

2. Asci 8-spored . . . . . 3.

 

3 (2). Apothecia pale brown, disc 3-11 mm diam., stipe 5-35 x 0.3-1 mm. Asci 130-170 x 7-11 um. Ascospores subfusoid, 9.0-15.5 x 6-8 um. On male catkins of Corylus avellana. Apothecia in early spring . . . . . Ciboria coryli (Schellenb.) N. F. Buchw.

 

3. Ascospores < 11 um long . . . . . 4.

 

4 (3). Apothecia on male catkins of Betula, pale to medium brown, disc 3-10 mm diam., stipe 5-30 x 0.3-1 mm. Asci cylindric-clavate, 75-145 x 6-10 um. Ascospores ellipsoid, 5.5-9.5 x 3-5.5 um. Apothecia in spring . . . . . Ciboria betulicola Groves & Elliott

 

Apothecia of Ciboria betulicola on male catkins of Betula pubescens. Norway, Hedmark, Snødøldalen, June 13th. 1996. (© Photo: Arne Holst-Jensen).

 

4. Apothecia on other hosts . . . . . . . . . . 5.

 

5 (4). Apothecia on catkins of Populus, Salix and Corylus, pale brown to medium brown, disc 4-15 mm diam., stipe 5-25 x 0.3-1.7 mm. Asci cylindric-clavate, 95-145 x 6-9 um. Ascospores ellipsoid, 7.5-11.0 x 4.5-6 um. Apothecia in spring . . . . . Ciboria caucus (Rebent.: Fr.) Fuckel

 

Apothecium of Ciboria caucus on FEMALE catkin of Salix lapponum. Note the presence of Pezizella amenti on the decaying catkin. Norway, Oppland, Near the river Mya, 2 km W of Muen, June 13th. 1996. (© Photo: Arne Holst-Jensen).

 

5. Apothecia on catkins of Alnus, ochraceous brown to pale brown, disc 4-12 mm diam., stipe flexuous, 10-35 x 0.3-1.0 mm. Asci cylindric-clavate, 95-145 x 6-9 um. Ascospores 7.5-10.5 x 4.2-6 um. Apothecia in spring . . . . . Ciboria amentaceae (Balbis) Fuckel

 

Apothecia of Ciboria amentaceae on decaying male catkins of Alnus sp. Norway, Vestfold, Brunlanes, Helgeroa, April 1994. (© Photo: Arne Holst-Jensen).

 

6 (1). Apothecia on decaying cone scales of Abies, dark brown to medium brown, disc 3-15 mm diam., stipe 2-7 x 0.7-1.5 mm. Asci 65-90 x 5.5-6.5 um. Ascospores 5.5-7.5 x 2.8-3.5 um. Apothecia in spring and early summer . . . . . "Ciboria " rufofusca (Weberb.) Sacc.

 

Apothecia of "Ciboria" rufofusca on cone scales of Abies alba. Norway, Østfold, Jeløya, Alby gård. (© Photo: Roy Kristiansen).

 

6. Apothecia on fruits, bulbils, acorns or leaves . . . . . 7.

 

7 (6). Apothecia on stromatized fruits or female floral organs . . . . . 8.

 

7. Apothecia on leaves . . . . . 12.

 

8 (7). Apothecia on stromatized patches of fruits (carpels) of Alnus or Betula ; very slow growing on PDA (potato dextrose agar), mass ascospore isolates reaching a diameter of 10-20 mm after 6-12 months . . . . . . . . . 9.

 

8. Apothecia on fruits or floral organs of other hosts. . . . . 10.

 

9 (8). On fruits (carpels) of Alnus, pale brown, disc 1.5-3 mm diam., stipe 1-10 x 0.5-1 mm. Asci 100-125 x 5.5-7.5 um. Ascospores narrowly ellipsoid to subfusoid, multiguttulate, minutely verrucose, 12-18 x 3-4.5 um. Apothecia in early spring . . . . . "Ciboria " lentiformis (Velen.) T. Schumach. ined. (= Ciboria alni (O. Rostr.) N. F. Buchw. nom. illeg. = Ciboria seminicola (Kienh. & Cash) Hechler & Steindl)

 

9. On fruits (carpels) of Betula, pale brown, disc 1.5-3 mm diam., stipe 4-14 x 0.5-1 mm. Asci 110-160 x 6-8 um. Ascospores narrowly ellipsoid, biguttulate, minutely verrucose, 9.5-15 x 4-5.5 um. Apothecia in late spring . . . . . "Ciboria " betulae (Woronin) White

 

10 (8). Apothecia on female inflorescenses of Alnus, yellowish to olivaceous brown, disc 1-3 mm diam., stipe 2-25 x 0.7-1.5 mm. Asci 110-140 x 7-10 um. Ascospores ellipsoid, 7.8-10.6 x 4.2-5.5 um. Apothecia in autumn . . . . . "Ciboria " viridifusca (Fuckel) Höhn (= "Ciboria " amenticola (P. Karst.) Boud.)

 

10. Apothecia on bulbils of Polygonum viviparum or acorns of Quercus. . . . . 11.

 

11 (10). Apothecia on stromatized bulbils of Polygonum viviparum, pale to medium brown, disc 0.5-2.5 mm diam., stipe 1-12 x 0.3-0.6 mm. Asci 150-180 x 10-12 um. Ascospores biguttulate, 13-17 x 5.5-7 um. Apothecia in summer and autumn. . . . . "Ciboria " polygonivivipari Eckbl.

 

11. Apothecia on stromatized acorns of Quercus, medium to purplish brown, disc 3-15 mm diam., stipe 3-30 x 0.8-2 mm. Ascospores 6-11 x 4-6 um. Apothecia in autumn . . . . . "Ciboria " batschiana (Zopf) N. F. Buchw.

 

12 (7). Apothecia on leaves of deciduous trees . . . . . 13.

 

12. Apothecia on plant remnants of Rubus chamaemorus . . . . . 14.

 

13 (12). On leaves of Alnus, more exceptionally Betula and Populus, dark to medium pale brown, disc 0.5-3 mm diam., stipe 0.5-7 x 0.3-0.6 mm. Asci 65-95 x 6-8 um. Ascospores 6.5-10 x 4.2-5.3 um. Apothecia in spring and early summer from stromatized patches on decaying leaves . . . . . "Ciboria " conformata (P. Karst.) Svrcek

 

13. On leaves of Salix spp. Several collections from Northern Europe fall into this category. The taxonomy of this group is under investigation in our lab.

 

14 (12). Apothecia reddish brown to pale brown, disc 4-7 mm diam., stipe rather thick, 10-38 x 0.7-2.1 mm. Asci 80-120 x 5.5-7 um. Ascospores biguttulate, 9-13.5 x 5-6 um. Apothecia from stromatized patches on leaves and stems in spring and early summer . . . . . "Ciboria " latipes Holst-Jensen & T. Schumach.

 

14. Apothecia medium brown to dark brown, disc 0.5-3 mm diam., cupulate to plane, short-stipitate, stipe slender 1-15 x 0.2-0.8 mm. Asci 90-120 x 9-11.5 um. Ascospores ellipsoid, biguttulate, unicellular, 11.5-15.5 x 5-6 um. Apothecia from stromatized leaf veines and petioles of host in early summer . . . . . "Rutstroemia " chamaemori L. Holm & K. Holm

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